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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "ASN1_STRING_PRINT_EX 3"
.TH ASN1_STRING_PRINT_EX 3 "2023-09-11" "1.1.1w" "OpenSSL"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
ASN1_tag2str, ASN1_STRING_print_ex, ASN1_STRING_print_ex_fp, ASN1_STRING_print \&\- ASN1_STRING output routines
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
.Vb 1
\& #include <openssl/asn1.h>
\&
\& int ASN1_STRING_print_ex(BIO *out, const ASN1_STRING *str, unsigned long flags);
\& int ASN1_STRING_print_ex_fp(FILE *fp, const ASN1_STRING *str, unsigned long flags);
\& int ASN1_STRING_print(BIO *out, const ASN1_STRING *str);
\&
\& const char *ASN1_tag2str(int tag);
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
These functions output an \fB\s-1ASN1_STRING\s0\fR structure. \fB\s-1ASN1_STRING\s0\fR is used to
represent all the \s-1ASN1\s0 string types.
.PP
\&\fBASN1_STRING_print_ex()\fR outputs \fBstr\fR to \fBout\fR, the format is determined by
the options \fBflags\fR. \fBASN1_STRING_print_ex_fp()\fR is identical except it outputs
to \fBfp\fR instead.
.PP
\&\fBASN1_STRING_print()\fR prints \fBstr\fR to \fBout\fR but using a different format to
\&\fBASN1_STRING_print_ex()\fR. It replaces unprintable characters (other than \s-1CR, LF\s0)
with '.'.
.PP
\&\fBASN1_tag2str()\fR returns a human-readable name of the specified \s-1ASN.1\s0 \fBtag\fR.
.SH "NOTES"
.IX Header "NOTES"
\&\fBASN1_STRING_print()\fR is a deprecated function which should be avoided; use
\&\fBASN1_STRING_print_ex()\fR instead.
.PP
Although there are a large number of options frequently \fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_RFC2253\s0\fR is
suitable, or on \s-1UTF8\s0 terminals \fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_RFC2253 &\s0 ~ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_MSB\fR.
.PP
The complete set of supported options for \fBflags\fR is listed below.
.PP
Various characters can be escaped. If \fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_2253\s0\fR is set the characters
determined by \s-1RFC2253\s0 are escaped. If \fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_CTRL\s0\fR is set control
characters are escaped. If \fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_MSB\s0\fR is set characters with the
\&\s-1MSB\s0 set are escaped: this option should \fBnot\fR be used if the terminal correctly
interprets \s-1UTF8\s0 sequences.
.PP
Escaping takes several forms.
.PP
If the character being escaped is a 16 bit character then the form \*(L"\eUXXXX\*(R" is used
using exactly four characters for the hex representation. If it is 32 bits then
\&\*(L"\eWXXXXXXXX\*(R" is used using eight characters of its hex representation. These forms
will only be used if \s-1UTF8\s0 conversion is not set (see below).
.PP
Printable characters are normally escaped using the backslash '\e' character. If
\&\fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_QUOTE\s0\fR is set then the whole string is instead surrounded by
double quote characters: this is arguably more readable than the backslash
notation. Other characters use the \*(L"\eXX\*(R" using exactly two characters of the hex
representation.
.PP
If \fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_UTF8_CONVERT\s0\fR is set then characters are converted to \s-1UTF8\s0
format first. If the terminal supports the display of \s-1UTF8\s0 sequences then this
option will correctly display multi byte characters.
.PP
If \fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_IGNORE_TYPE\s0\fR is set then the string type is not interpreted at
all: everything is assumed to be one byte per character. This is primarily for
debugging purposes and can result in confusing output in multi character strings.
.PP
If \fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_SHOW_TYPE\s0\fR is set then the string type itself is printed out
before its value (for example \*(L"\s-1BMPSTRING\*(R"\s0), this actually uses \fBASN1_tag2str()\fR.
.PP
The content of a string instead of being interpreted can be \*(L"dumped\*(R": this just
outputs the value of the string using the form #XXXX using hex format for each
octet.
.PP
If \fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_ALL\s0\fR is set then any type is dumped.
.PP
Normally non character string types (such as \s-1OCTET STRING\s0) are assumed to be
one byte per character, if \fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_UNKNOWN\s0\fR is set then they will
be dumped instead.
.PP
When a type is dumped normally just the content octets are printed, if
\&\fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_DER\s0\fR is set then the complete encoding is dumped
instead (including tag and length octets).
.PP
\&\fB\s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_RFC2253\s0\fR includes all the flags required by \s-1RFC2253.\s0 It is
equivalent to:
 \s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_2253\s0 | \s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_CTRL\s0 | \s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_MSB\s0 |
 \s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_UTF8_CONVERT\s0 | \s-1ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_UNKNOWN ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_DER\s0
.SH "RETURN VALUES"
.IX Header "RETURN VALUES"
\&\fBASN1_STRING_print_ex()\fR and \fBASN1_STRING_print_ex_fp()\fR return the number of
characters written or \-1 if an error occurred.
.PP
\&\fBASN1_STRING_print()\fR returns 1 on success or 0 on error.
.PP
\&\fBASN1_tag2str()\fR returns a human-readable name of the specified \s-1ASN.1\s0 \fBtag\fR.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
\&\fBX509_NAME_print_ex\fR\|(3),
\&\fBASN1_tag2str\fR\|(3)
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
Copyright 2002\-2018 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
.PP
Licensed under the OpenSSL license (the \*(L"License\*(R").  You may not use
this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at
<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.